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Updated Date: Aug 27, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

We report one case of cerebral localization of Whipple’s disease with a clinical presentation of recurrent endocranic hypertension and hydrocephalus, and uncommon neurological symptoms, successfully treated by endoscopic third ventriculostomy and antibiotic therapy with Ceftriaxone and Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)

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Authors: Sato Y, Morita H, Wakasugi H, Iijima S, Kawashima E, Wakayama Y, Yoshimura A
Neurologic manifestations, such as myoclonus, asterixis, seizures and altered level of consciousness, may be induced in patients with impaired renal function receiving beta-lactam antibiotics, which stem in part from drug accumulation because of altered pharmacokinetics. Because of its long half-life and easy penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid, the third generation cephalosporin, Ceftriaxone (CTRX), is often chosen to treat patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Here, the authors describe 4 patients with ESRD …

Conclusions Moxifloxacin monotherapy, 400 mg once daily for 14 days, is an effective and well-tolerated oral treatment for women with uPID.
PMID: 20716255 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
Influenza vaccine One already reported systematic review updated (search date 2006) and additional absolute data added to benefits and harms. The overall findings of the updated review remain the same. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
Pneumococcal vaccine One previously reported systematic review updated (search date 2007). Overall conclusions of the review remain the same. Categorisation of pneumococcal vaccine (for all-cause pneumonia and mortality in immunocompetent adults) …

Abstract: A 5-year survey from 2005 to 2009 revealed an increasing trend of resistance to nalidixic acid (from 0% in 2005 to 11% in 2009) among 858 clinical isolates of Salmonella Typhimurium. In addition, 10 Ceftriaxone-resistant and 3 ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium isolates were detected over the period of study. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)

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Conclusion: The responsible pathogens in acute and chronic dacryocystitis are significantly different. Because of the high prevalence of gram-negative bacteria and also culture-negative samples and considering the necessity of treatment in acute dacryocystitis, selecting an appropriate antibiotic with a good coverage of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria seems essential.
PMID: 20712513 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Orbit)

Discussion
Fortunately, vaccination against Haemophilus influenza type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis has decreased the rates of bacterial meningitis but still it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality.
Common pathogens by age:
For neonates 2 years – Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae,
Learning Point
Criteria for considering initiating outpatient antibiotic treatment for patients with bacterial meningitis includes:
Inpatient antibiotic therapy for at least 6 days
No…

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Conclusions  All patients with ocular syphilis exhibited functional improvement and resolution of ocular inflammation after a specific
antibiotic treatment. As a great imitator, syphilis should be considered in all patients with uveitis, scleritis, episcleritis,
or optic neuritis, especially in men with high-risk sexual behavior.
Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00417-010-1481-zAuthors
Cindy Puech, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Grenoble, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble, FranceStéphane Gennai, Department of Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Grenoble, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble, FrancePatricia Pavese, Department of Infectious Disease, University Hospital of Grenoble, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble, FranceIsabell…

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