Prescription Drugs 2 Go

Authors: Sallustio F, Rotondo F, Di Legge S, Stanzione P
The burden of atherosclerosis is particularly high in western countries in terms of mortality and disability. The cerebral arteries (stroke or transient ischemic attack [TIA]), coronary arteries (myocardial infarction [MI]) and peripheral arteries (intermittent claudication [IC], ischemic limb) can be affected. Atherosclerosis may involve different mechanisms such as inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial damage, balance between proliferation and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells and oxidative stress. Research is focused to counteract each of these aspects. Many antithrombotic drugs …

The antiplatelet drug Cilostazol used in the United States to treat leg pain associated with peripheral vascular disease was more effective and safer than aspirin at preventing recurrent strokes in a Japanese trial presented as late-breaking science at the American Stroke Association’s International Stroke Conference 2010… (Source: Stroke / Neuroprotection News From Medical News Today)

This study demonstrated for the first time that Cilostazol significantly reduces the risk of recurrent ischemic [blood-clot caused] stroke and the incidence of serious cerebral hemorrhage, compared to aspirin,” said Yukito Shinohara, M.D… (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Cilostazol, an antiplatelet agent used in the U.S. to treat intermittent claudication, was better than aspirin at preventing recurrent stroke from noncardiogenic sources, a randomized trial conducted in Japan showed. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)

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Cilostazol is known to be a specific type III phosphodiesterase inhibitor, which promotes increased intracellular cAMP levels. We assessed the effect of Cilostazol on production of angioneurins and chemokines and recruitment of new endothelial cells for vasculogenesis in a mouse model of transient forebrain ischemia. Pyramidal cell loss was prominently evident 3-28 days postischemia, which was markedly ameliorated by Cilostazol treatment. Expression of angioneurins, including endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascular endothelial growth factor, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, was up-regulated by Cilostazol treatment in the postischemic hippocampus. Cilostazol also increased Sca-1/vascular …

The goal of the trial was to evaluate three regimens of antiplatelet therapy after stenting for acute myocardial infarction (AMI): 1) Cilostazol plus standard-dose clopidogrel, 2) high-dose clopidogrel, or 3) standard-dose clopidogrel. (Source: Cardiosource)

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Aspirin is widely used for the prevention of recurrent stroke in patients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and ischaemic stroke of arterial origin, because it is effective and inexpensive. Clopidogrel and the combination of aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole are more effective than aspirin, but are also much more expensive. No other antithrombotic regimens provide significant advantages over aspirin, although Cilostazol and the novel platelet protease activated receptor-1 antagonist, SCH 530348, are currently being evaluated. For patients with TIA and ischaemic stroke of cardiac origin due to atrial fibrillation, vitamin K …

Conclusions  Thus, the comparative analysis revealed that the efficacy of Cilostazole is more than the Pentoxifylline and Placebo in increasing
the ICD and ACD in patients of occlusive peripheral arterial disease. In addition, Cilostazole also lowers Triglyceride and
LDL levels and increases High Density Lipid (HDL) levels which was not observed with Pentoxifylline and Placebo.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlesDOI 10.1007/s12055-009-0042-8Authors
Surjit Singh, Govt Medical College Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery and Pharmacology Jammu IndiaHarbinder Singh, Govt Medical College Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery and Pharmacology Jammu IndiaArvind Kohli, Govt …

Whilst high pro-coagulant activity is reported in sickle cell disease (SCD), the precise role of platelets (PLTs) in SCD inflammatory and vaso-occlusive processes is unclear. Adhesion of PLTs from healthy controls (CON), SCD individuals (SCD) and SCD patients on hydroxycarbamide (SCDHC) to fibrinogen (FB) was compared using static adhesion assays. PLT adhesion molecules and intraplatelet cyclic adenosine monophosphate (icAMP) were observed by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SCD-PLTs demonstrated significantly greater adhesion than CON-PLTs to FB. Participation of the [alpha]IIb[beta]3-integrin in SCD-PLT adhesion was implicated by increased [alpha]IIb[beta]3 activation …

Source: Circulation
Area: News
This review summarises the role of combination antiplatelet therapies in the treatment and prevention of atherothrombosis. The following topics and drug combinations are discussed:
 
. Pathophysiology of atherothrombosis
. Aspirin
. Aspirin dose and bleeding
. Thienopyridines
. Aspirin monotherapy vs. thienopyridine monotherapy
. Thienopyridine plus aspirin: stenting
. Clopidogrel plus aspirin and vs. aspirin monotherapy for acute coronary syndromes, primary and secondary prevention
. clopidogrel plus aspirin vs. clopidogrel monotherapy: TIA and stroke
. Limitations of clopidogrel plus aspirin
. Overcoming clopidogrel non-esponsiveness
o Higher doses o Prasugrel plus asp…

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